Nuclear Weapons Moral and Ethical Aspects
The advent of the nuclear age has virtually erased the moral
boundaries that have acted as a constraint on human decision making with
respect to war. The rise of technological society has elevated the place of
"technique" as the guiding force for both technology and political
discourse in the atomic age. As a consequence, an historical alteration has
been effectively accomplished: technology has been transformed into the new
theology and theology and moral argument have been subsumed under the umbrella
of technological discourse.
The unethical nature
of nuclear power, nuclear weapons, and the entire nuclear fuel cycle is
becoming more obvious, as its history unfolds. On grounds of nuclear weapons
spread, unsolved wastes problem, health and environment, effects on indigenous
and poor peoples, injustice to today’s and future generations – and even the
sheer financial costs for now and the future – it is clear that “atoms for
peace” is a false and unethical enterprise. Given the mounting negative
evidence about the nuclear industry, it is concerning that so many world
political, scientific and economic leaders continue to promote the industry. Sir
Mark Oliphant, one of the founders of the atomic bomb, was one who had the
courage to change his mind, and to speak out against nuclear power and nuclear
weapons.
Nuclear weapons are not just another class of weapons in the
long history of development of weapons. Nuclear weapons are unique - their
impact is primarily on innocent civilian non-combatants, particularly women and
children; their radiation effects persist for generations after their
detonation; they are intrinsically indiscriminate, largely uncontrollable, and
above all, they are instruments of mass murder on a scale unparalleled in human
history. This uniqueness of nuclear weapons is now clearly affirmed in an
Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice rendered in the month of
July 1996. Nuclear weapons have security, political and economic implications.
In the ultimate analysis, however, the issue of nuclear weapons is a moral
question. It is a question of right and wrong, good and evil, ethics. It is
this ethical aspect of nuclear weapons, especially as it applies to the designing
and manufacture of nuclear weapons.
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